Publications

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Below, by year, are the publications listed in the HAL open archive.

2014

Mars-Solar Wind Interaction: Coupling Between Hybrid, Ionospheric, Thermospheric and Exospheric Models
- Leblanc François
- Chaufray Jean-Yves
- Modolo Ronan
- Hess Sebastien
- Yagi M.
- Mancini M.
- Forget François
- Gonzalez-Galindo Francisco
- Lorenzato L.
- Mazelle Christian
- Chanteur Gérard
, 2014. The solar wind interaction with the Martian neutral envi- ronment is investigated by means of three dimensional hybrid magnetospheric simulations. In such formal- ism, ions have a kinetic description while electrons are treated as an inertialess fluid, ensuring the neutrality of the plasma and contributing to currents and pressure terms. This model has been successfully used to de- scribe the near ionized environment of Mars
Ignition of CH4:O2:Ar and n-C4H10:O2:Ar(N2) mixtures with initial temperatures between 650-950 K by a surface pulsed discharge
- Stepanyan S.A.
- Boumehdi M.A.
- Vanhove G.
- Desgroux Pascale
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
- Popov N.A.
, 2014. (10.2514/6.2014-0665)
DOI : 10.2514/6.2014-0665
Experimental and numerical study of fast gas heating and O atom production in a capillary nanosecond discharge
- Klochko A.V.
- Salmon A.
- Lemainque J.
- Popov N.A.
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Xiong Z.
- Kushner M.J.
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
, 2014, pp.2014-1030.
Adsorption, desorption and reactivity of O and N atoms on SiO2 surface
- Rousseau Antoine
, 2014.
New ferromagnetic core shapes for induction sensors
- Coillot Christophe
- Moutoussamy Joël
- Boda Mathieu
- Leroy Paul
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, Copernicus Publ, 2014, pp.1-8. Induction sensors are used in a wide range of scientific and industrial applications. One way to improve these is rigorous modelling of the sensor combined with a low voltage and current input noise preamplifier aiming to optimize the whole induction magnetometer. In this paper, we explore another way, which consists in the use of original ferromagnetic core shapes of induction sensors, which bring substantial improvements. These new configurations are the cubic, orthogonal and coiled-core induction sensors. For each of them we give modelling elements and discuss their benefits and drawbacks with respect to a given noise-equivalent magnetic induction goal. Our discussion is supported by experimental results for the cubic and orthogonal configurations, while the coiled-core configuration remains open to experimental validation. The transposition of these induction sensor configurations to other magnetic sensors (fluxgate and giant magneto-impedance) is an exciting prospect of this work. (10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014)
DOI : 10.5194/jsss-3-1-2014
Ion flux asymmetry in radiofrequency capacitively-coupled plasmas excited by sawtooth-like waveforms
- Bruneau Bastien
- Novikova T.
- Lafleur Trevor
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Johnson E.V.
Plasma Sources Science and Technology, IOP Publishing, 2014, 23 (6), pp.065010. Using particle-in-cell simulations, we predict that it is possible to obtain a significant difference between the ion flux to the powered electrode and that to the grounded electrode?with about 50% higher ion flux on one electrode?in a geometrically symmetric, radiofrequency capacitively-coupled plasma reactor by applying a non-sinusoidal, ?Tailored? voltage waveform. This sawtooth-like waveform presents different rising and falling slopes over one cycle. We show that this effect is due to differing plasma sheath motion in front of each electrode, which induces a higher ionization rate in front of the electrode which has the fastest positive rising voltage. Together with the higher ion flux comes a lower voltage drop across the sheath, and therefore a reduced maximum ion bombardment energy; a result in contrast to typical process control mechanisms. (10.1088/0963-0252/23/6/065010)
DOI : 10.1088/0963-0252/23/6/065010
Radiation sources with planar wire arrays and planar foils for inertial confinement fusion and high energy density physics research
- Kantsyrev Viktor L.
- Chuvatin Alexandre S.
- Safronova Alla S.
- Rudakov Leonid I.
- Esaulov A. A.
- Velikovich A. L.
- Shrestha Ishor
- Astanovitsky A.
- Osborne Glenn C.
- Shlyaptseva V. V.
- Weller Michael E.
- Keim S.
- Stafford A.
- Cooper M. C.
Physics of Plasmas, American Institute of Physics, 2014, 21 (03), pp.031204. This article reports on the joint success of two independent lines of research, each of them being a multi-year international effort. One of these is the development of innovative sources, such as planar wire arrays (PWAs). PWAs turned out to be a prolific radiator, which act mainly as a resistor, even though the physical mechanism of efficient magnetic energy conversion into radiation still remains unclear. We review the results of our extensive studies of PWAs. We also report the new results of the experimental comparison PWAs with planar foil liners (another promising alternative to wire array loads at multi-mega-ampere generators). Pioneered at UNR, the PWA Z-pinch loads have later been tested at the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) on the Saturn generator, on GIT-12 machine in Russia, and on the QiangGuang-1 generator in China, always successfully. Another of these is the drastic improvement in energy efficiency of pulsed-power systems, which started in early 1980s with Zucker's experiments at Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Successful continuation of this approach was the Load Current Multiplier (LCM) proposed by Chuvatin in collaboration with Rudakov and Weber from NRL. The 100 ns LCM was integrated into the Zebra generator, which almost doubled the plasma load current, from 0.9 to 1.7 MA. The two above-mentioned innovative approaches were used in combination to produce a new compact hohlraum radiation source for ICF, as jointly proposed by SNL and UNR [Jones et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 125001 (2010)]. The first successful proof-of-the-principle experimental implementation of new hohlraum concept at university-scale generator Zebra/LCM is demonstrated. A numerical simulation capability with VisRaD code (from PRISM Co.) established at UNR allowed for the study of hohlraum coupling physics and provides the possibility of optimization of a new hohlraum. Future studies are discussed. (10.1063/1.4865367)
DOI : 10.1063/1.4865367
Turbulence elasticity-A new mechanism for transport barrier dynamics
- Guo Z. B.
- Diamond P.H.
- Kosuga Y.
- Gürcan Özgür D.
Physics of Plasmas, American Institute of Physics, 2014, 21 (9). We present a new, unified model of transport barrier formation in ``elastic'' drift wave-zonal flow (DW-ZF) turbulence. A new physical quantity-the delay time (i.e., the mixing time for the DW turbulence)-is demonstrated to parameterize each stage of the transport barrier formation. Quantitative predictions for the onset of limit-cycle-oscillation (LCO) among DW and ZF intensities (also denoted as I-mode) and I-mode to high-confinement mode (H-mode) transition are also given. The LCO occurs when the ZF shearing rate (vertical bar (ZF)'vertical bar) enters the regime Delta omega(k) < vertical bar < V >(ZF)'vertical bar < tau(-1)(cr), where Delta omega(k) is the local turbulence decorrelation rate and tau(cr) is the threshold delay time. In the basic predator-prey feedback system, tau(cr) is also derived. The I-H transition occurs when vertical bar < V >(ExB)'vertical bar > tau(-1)(cr), where the mean E x B shear flow driven by ion pressure ``locks'' the DW-ZF system to the H-mode by reducing the delay time below the threshold value. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. (10.1063/1.4894695)
DOI : 10.1063/1.4894695
The FIELDS Instrument Suite on MMS: Scientific Objectives, Measurements, and Data Products
- Torbert R. B.
- Russell C. T.
- Magnes W.
- Ergun R. E.
- Lindqvist P.-A.
- Le Contel Olivier
- Vaith H.
- Macri J.
- Myers S.
- Rau D.
- Needell J.
- King B.
- Granoff M.
- Chutter M.
- Dors I.
- Olsson G.
- Khotyaintsev Y. V.
- Eriksson A.
- Kletzing C. A.
- Bounds S.
- Anderson B.
- Baumjohann W.
- Steller M.
- Bromund K.
- Le G.
- Nakamura R.
- Strangeway R. J.
- Leinweber H. K.
- Tucker S.
- Westfall J.
- Fischer D.
- Plaschke F.
- Porter J.
- Lappalainen K.
Space Science Reviews, Springer Verlag, 2014, pp.1-31. Not Available (10.1007/s11214-014-0109-8)
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0109-8
The influence of the geometry and electrical characteristics on the formation of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet
- Sobota Ana
- Guaitella Olivier
- Rousseau Antoine
Plasma Sources Science and Technology, IOP Publishing, 2014, 23, pp.025016. An extensive electrical study was performed on a coaxial geometry atmospheric pressure plasma jet source in helium, driven by 30 kHz sine voltage. Two modes of operation were observed, a highly reproducible low-power mode that features the emission of one plasma bullet per voltage period and an erratic high-power mode in which micro-discharges appear around the grounded electrode. The minimum of power transfer efficiency corresponds to the transition between the two modes. Effective capacitance was identified as a varying property influenced by the discharge and the dissipated power. The charge carried by plasma bullets was found to be a small fraction of charge produced in the source irrespective of input power and configuration of the grounded electrode. The biggest part of the produced charge stays localized in the plasma source and below the grounded electrode, in the range 1.23.3 nC for ground length of 38 mm. (10.1088/0963-0252/23/2/025016)
DOI : 10.1088/0963-0252/23/2/025016
What is the size of a floating sheath?
- Chabert Pascal
Plasma Sources Science and Technology, IOP Publishing, 2014, 23 (6), pp.065042. The size of the positive space charge sheath that forms in front of an object immersed in a plasma and not dc-connected to ground with an external circuit (a floating sheath) is calculated numerically. If the sheath edge is defined as the position at which the ion fluid speed equals the Bohm speed, it is shown that the sheath size varies significantly with the discharge parameters, typically from s float ≈ 7 λ Des to s float ≈ 14 λ Des , where s float is the floating sheath size and λ Des is the Debye length at the sheath edge. However, if the sheath edge is defined as a significant departure from quasi-neutrality, then the floating sheath size is almost independent of the discharge parameters and may be approximated by s float ≈ 5 λ Des . (10.1088/0963-0252/23/6/065042)
DOI : 10.1088/0963-0252/23/6/065042
Evolution of Turbulence in the Expanding Solar Wind, a Numerical Study
- Dong Yue
- Verdini Andrea
- Grappin Roland
The Astrophysical Journal, American Astronomical Society, 2014, 793, pp.118. We study the evolution of turbulence in the solar wind by solving numerically the full three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations embedded in a radial mean wind. The corresponding equations (expanding box model or EBM) have been considered earlier but never integrated in 3D simulations. Here, we follow the development of turbulence from 0.2 AU up to about 1.5 AU. Starting with isotropic spectra scaling as k -1, we observe a steepening toward a k -5/3 scaling in the middle of the wave number range and formation of spectral anisotropies. The advection of a plasma volume by the expanding solar wind causes a non-trivial stretching of the volume in directions transverse to radial and the selective decay of the components of velocity and magnetic fluctuations. These two effects combine to yield the following results. (1) Spectral anisotropy: gyrotropy is broken, and the radial wave vectors have most of the power. (2) Coherent structures: radial streams emerge that resemble the observed microjets. (3) Energy spectra per component: they show an ordering in good agreement with the one observed in the solar wind at 1 AU. The latter point includes a global dominance of the magnetic energy over kinetic energy in the inertial and f -1 range and a dominance of the perpendicular-to-the-radial components over the radial components in the inertial range. We conclude that many of the above properties are the result of evolution during transport in the heliosphere, and not just the remnant of the initial turbulence close to the Sun. (10.1088/0004-637X/793/2/118)
DOI : 10.1088/0004-637X/793/2/118
On the origin of falling-tone chorus elements in Earth's inner magnetosphere
- Breuillard H
- Agapitov O
- Artemyev A
- Krasnoselskikh V
- Le Contel Olivier
- Cully C. M.
- Angelopoulos V
- Zaliznyak Y
- Rolland G
Annales Geophysicae, European Geosciences Union, 2014, 32, pp.1477-1485. Generation of extremely/very low frequency (ELF/VLF) chorus waves in Earth's inner magnetosphere has received increased attention recently because of their significance for radiation belt dynamics. Though past theoretical and numerical models have demonstrated how rising-tone chorus elements are produced, falling-tone chorus element generation has yet to be explained. Our new model proposes that weak-amplitude falling-tone chorus elements can be generated by magnetospheric reflection of rising-tone elements. Using ray tracing in a realistic plasma model of the inner magnetosphere, we demonstrate that rising-tone elements originating at the magnetic equator propagate to higher latitudes. Upon reflection there, they propagate to lower L-shells and turn into oblique falling tones of reduced power, frequency, and bandwidth relative to their progenitor rising tones. Our results are in good agreement with comprehensive statistical studies of such waves, notably using magnetic field measurements from THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms) spacecraft. Thus, we conclude that the proposed mechanism can be responsible for the generation of weak-amplitude falling-tone chorus emissions. (10.5194/angeo-32-1477-2014)
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-32-1477-2014
Spatial Propagation of Turbulence and Formation of Mesoscopic Structures in Plasma Turbulence
- Dif-Pradalier Guilhem
- Ghendrih Ph.
- Diamond P.H.
- Garbet X.
- Grandgirard V.
- Norscini C.
- Palermo F.
- Sarazin Y.
- Abiteboul J.
- Dong Yue
- Gürcan Özgür D.
- Hennequin Pascale
- Morel Pierre
- Vermare Laure
- Kosuga Y.
, 2014.
Multi Water Bag modelling of drift kinetic electrons and ions plasmas
- Morel Pierre
- Dreydemy Ghiro Florent
- Berionni Vincent
- Gürcan Özgür D.
, 2014.
Complete multi-field characterization of the geodesic acoustic mode in the TCV tokamak
- de Meijere C. A.
- Coda S.
- Huang Z.
- Vermare Laure
- Vernay T.
- Vuille V.
- Brunner Stephan
- Dominski J.
- Hennequin Pascale
- Kraemer-Flecken A.
- Merlo G.
- Porte L.
- Villard Laurent
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, IOP Publishing, 2014, 56 (7), pp.072001. The geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) is a coherently oscillating zonal flow that may regulate turbulence in toroidal plasmas. Uniquely, the complete poloidal and toroidal structure of the magnetic component of the turbulence-driven GAM has been mapped in the TCV tokamak. Radially localized measurements of the fluctuating density, ECE radiative temperature and poloidal flow show that the GAM is a fully coherent, radially propagating wave. These observations are consistent with electrostatic, gyrokinetic simulations. (10.1088/0741-3335/56/7/072001)
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/56/7/072001
Circulation of Heavy Ions and Their Dynamical Effects in the Magnetosphere: Recent Observations and Models
- Kronberg E. A.
- Ashour-Abdalla M.
- Dandouras I.
- Delcourt Dominique C.
- Grigorenko E. E.
- Kistler L. M.
- Kuzichev I. V.
- Liao J.
- Maggiolo R.
- Malova H. V.
- Orlova K. G.
- Peroomian V.
- Shklyar D. R.
- Shprits Y. Y.
- Welling D. T.
- Zelenyi L. M.
Space Science Reviews, Springer Verlag, 2014, 184 (1-4), pp.173-235. Knowledge of the ion composition in the near-Earths magnetosphere and plasma sheet is essential for the understanding of magnetospheric processes and instabilities. The presence of heavy ions of ionospheric origin in the magnetosphere, in particular oxygen (O ), influences the plasma sheet bulk properties, current sheet (CS) thickness and its structure. It affects reconnection rates and the formation of Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. This has profound consequences for the global magnetospheric dynamics, including geomagnetic storms and substorm-like events. The formation and demise of the ring current and the radiation belts are also dependent on the presence of heavy ions. In this review we cover recent advances in observations and models of the circulation of heavy ions in the magnetosphere, considering sources, transport, acceleration, bulk properties, and the influence on the magnetospheric dynamics. We identify important open questions and promising avenues for future research. (10.1007/s11214-014-0104-0)
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0104-0
Plasma-assisted ignition and combustion: nanosecond discharges and development of kinetic mechanisms
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, IOP Publishing, 2014, 47 (35), pp.353001 (34pp). This review covers the results obtained in the period 20062014 in the field of plasma-assisted combustion, and in particular the results on ignition and combustion triggered or sustained by pulsed nanosecond discharges in different geometries. Some benefits of pulsed high voltage discharges for kinetic study and for applications are demonstrated. The necessity of and the possibility of building a particular kinetic mechanism of plasma-assisted ignition and combustion are discussed. The most sensitive regions of parameters for plasmacombustion kinetic mechanisms are selected. A map of the pressure and temperature parameters (PT diagram) is suggested, to unify the available data on ignition delay times, ignition lengths and densities of intermediate species reported by different authors. (10.1088/0022-3727/47/35/353001)
DOI : 10.1088/0022-3727/47/35/353001
Electron energy distributions in a magnetized inductively coupled plasma
- Song Sang-Heon
- Yang Yang
- Chabert Pascal
- Kushner M.J.
Physics of Plasmas, American Institute of Physics, 2014, 21 (9), pp.093512. Optimizing and controlling electron energy distributions (EEDs) is a continuing goal in plasma materials processing as EEDs determine the rate coefficients for electron impact processes. There are many strategies to customize EEDs in low pressure inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs), for example, pulsing and choice of frequency, to produce the desired plasma properties. Recent experiments have shown that EEDs in low pressure ICPs can be manipulated through the use of static magnetic fields of sufficient magnitudes to magnetize the electrons and confine them to the electromagnetic skin depth. The EED is then a function of the local magnetic field as opposed to having non-local properties in the absence of the magnetic field. In this paper, EEDs in a magnetized inductively coupled plasma (mICP) sustained in Ar are discussed with results from a two-dimensional plasma hydrodynamics model. Results are compared with experimental measurements. We found that the character of the EED transitions from non-local to local with application of the static magnetic field. The reduction in cross-field mobility increases local electron heating in the skin depth and decreases the transport of these hot electrons to larger radii. The tail of the EED is therefore enhanced in the skin depth and depressed at large radii. Plasmas densities are non-monotonic with increasing pressure with the external magnetic field due to transitions between local and non-local kinetics. (10.1063/1.4896711)
DOI : 10.1063/1.4896711
Les débris spatiaux : le revers de l'ère spatiale
- Aanesland Ane
- Grondein Pascaline
Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2014 (16), pp.12.
E x B shear pattern formation by radial propagation of heat flux waves
- Kosuga Y.
- Diamond P.H.
- Dif-Pradalier Guilhem
- Gürcan Özgür D.
Physics of Plasmas, American Institute of Physics, 2014, 21 (5). A novel theory to describe the formation of E x B flow patterns by radially propagating heat flux waves is presented. A model for heat avalanche dynamics is extended to include a finite delay time between the instantaneous heat flux and the mean flux, based on an analogy between heat avalanche dynamics and traffic flow dynamics. The response time introduced here is an analogue of the drivers' response time in traffic dynamics. The microscopic foundation for the time delay is the time for mixing of the phase space density. The inclusion of the finite response time changes the model equation for avalanche dynamics from Burgers equation to a nonlinear telegraph equation. Based on the telegraph equation, the formation of heat flux jams is predicted. The growth rate and typical interval of jams are calculated. The connection of the jam interval to the typical step size of the E x B staircase is discussed. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. (10.1063/1.4872018)
DOI : 10.1063/1.4872018
Quantified energy dissipation rates in the terrestrial bow shock: 1. Analysis techniques and methodology
- Wilson Iii L. B.
- Sibeck David G.
- Breneman A. W.
- Le Contel Olivier
- Cully C. M.
- Turner D. L.
- Angelopoulos V.
- Malaspina D. M.
Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics, American Geophysical Union/Wiley, 2014, 119 (8), pp.6455-6474. We present a detailed outline and discussion of the analysis techniques used to compare the relevance of different energy dissipation mechanisms at collisionless shock waves. We show that the low-frequency, quasi-static fields contribute less to ohmic energy dissipation, (-j·E), than their high-frequency counterparts. In fact, we found that high-frequency, large-amplitude (>100 mV/m and/or >1 nT) waves are ubiquitous in the transition region of collisionless shocks. We quantitatively show that their fields, through wave-particle interactions, cause enough energy dissipation to regulate the global structure of collisionless shocks. The purpose of this paper, part one of two, is to outline and describe in detail the background, analysis techniques, and theoretical motivation for our new results presented in the companion paper. The companion paper presents the results of our quantitative energy dissipation rate estimates and discusses the implications. Together, the two manuscripts present the first study quantifying the contribution that high-frequency waves provide, through wave-particle interactions, to the total energy dissipation budget of collisionless shock waves. (10.1002/2014JA019929)
DOI : 10.1002/2014JA019929
Observational evidence of electron pitch angle scattering driven by ECH waves
- Kurita S.
- Miyoshi Y.
- Cully C. M.
- Angelopoulos V.
- Le Contel Olivier
- Hikishima M.
- Misawa H.
Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union, 2014. Using the plasma wave and electron data obtained from Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, we show a signature of electron pitch angle scattering driven by Electrostatic Cyclotron Harmonic (ECH) waves in the velocity distribution function (VDF). The diffusion curve of whistler mode waves is used as a proxy to identify changes in VDFs due to wave-particle interactions. We confirm that the shape of the VDF well agrees with the diffusion curve of whistler mode waves when whistler mode chorus alone is active. On the other hand, we find that the shape of the VDF deviates from the diffusion curves at low pitch angles when ECH waves are active following the inactivation of chorus waves. The result is observational support for electron pitch angle scattering caused by ECH waves and suggests that ECH waves can contribute to generation of diffuse auroras. (10.1002/2014GL061927)
DOI : 10.1002/2014GL061927
Theory and Modeling for the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
- Hesse Michael
- Aunai Nicolas
- Birn Joachim
- Cassak P.
- Denton R.~e.
- Drake J. F.
- Gombosi Tamas I.
- Hoshino M.
- Matthaeus W.
- Sibeck David G.
- Zenitani Seiji
Space Science Reviews, Springer Verlag, 2014. The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission will provide measurement capabilities, which will exceed those of earlier and even contemporary missions by orders of magnitude. MMS will, for the first time, be able to measure directly and with sufficient resolution key features of the magnetic reconnection process, down to the critical electron scales, which need to be resolved to understand how reconnection works. Owing to the complexity and extremely high spatial resolution required, no prior measurements exist, which could be employed to guide the definition of measurement requirements, and consequently set essential parameters for mission planning and execution. Insight into expected details of the reconnection process could hence only been obtained from theory and modern kinetic modeling. This situation was recognized early on by MMS leadership, which supported the formation of a fully integrated Theory and Modeling Team (TMT). The TMT participated in all aspects of mission planning, from the proposal stage to individual aspects of instrument performance characteristics. It provided and continues to provide to the mission the latest insights regarding the kinetic physics of magnetic reconnection, as well as associated particle acceleration and turbulence, assuring that, to the best of modern knowledge, the mission is prepared to resolve the inner workings of the magnetic reconnection process. The present paper provides a summary of key recent results or reconnection research by TMT members. (10.1007/s11214-014-0078-y)
DOI : 10.1007/s11214-014-0078-y
Comment on "Micronewton electromagnetic thruster
- Lafleur Trevor
Applied Physics Letters, American Institute of Physics, 2014, 105, pp.146101. ... (10.1063/1.4897967)
DOI : 10.1063/1.4897967

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